Otto braun



(No Model.)

0.3mm. -SPEBD GAGE.

' Patented Dec. 10, 1,889.

ATTURNEYS.

n. PETERS. Pnplo-Uthugnpiur. Wuifingion. D. c

"UNITED STATES 'orro BRAUN, or BERLIN, GERMANY.

s P E E o GAG E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,896, dated December 10,1889] Application filed February 20, 1889. seen No. 300,574. on model.) Patented in Germany February 13, 1 3.7, M42303.

To all whoin it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OTTO BRAUN, of the city of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented Improvements in Fig. 3 is alongitudinal sectional view showresponding parts.

ing means for actuating the speed-gage, andv F1gs.4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 represent modifications of my speed-gage. H I

The same letters of reference denote cor- The object of the apparatus or device illustrated by the accompanying drawings is to indicate and to .measure the number of revolutions or the speed of a rotating object with which it is united,directlyo r indirectly, by suitable means. I

The said apparatus consists of a;.glass tube both ends of which are hermetically sealed, preferably by melting the glass, which is filled partly with a fluid or fluids, and which is rotated around its longitudinal axis. The tube is graduated or combined with a graduation. As soon as the tube rotates the fluid is forced by centrifugal power against I thewall of the tube and will therefore rise along it less or more, according to the tube making in a certain time less or more revolutions. The height to which the fluid rises will always correspond with a certain number of revolutions of the tube, and therefore the speed of the latter can be read off from a graduation provided on it. The tube can be fastened directly to the rotating object in line with the axis of rotation by convenient means, showing in such case directly the speed of the object; or it can be mounted as an independent instrument, separated from the rotating object, and receive its rotation from the rotating object by means of a cord, belt, gearing, or other suitable mechanisms,

in which case the purchase between the ro tating object and the tube must be considered to get, by a simple calculation, if necessary, the true speed of the object from the marked speed of the tube.

PATENT OFFICE.

beproportionately wide and water, alcohol, &c., Fig.1; Should it work quickly,the tube a must be u arrower and-the.

. culty, and as the "surface of the fluid forms a funnel or paraboloid, the apex 0 of which er-ably qualified to be used as the critical In Figs. 1 and .2 are showntwo glass tubes 00 a, melted up at their rounded ends and filled partly with any fluid. Incase thegagc is intended to work slowly, the tube a must the fluid thinfluid thicker-oil, glycerine, &c., Fig 2. As

the limits of the raised fluid, even if it be colored, can beldistinguished only with diifiis seen always distinctly, the latter is pref point for the scale or graduation, as is repre sented in Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 shows a speed-gage constructed as an independent speed-measuring instrument,

which can be connected by a cord or belt and suitablyarranged guide-sheaves to a driving pulley of the object the number of revolu tions of which is to be measured. his a heavy pedestal furnished with two adjustable guidesheaves c for the driving-belt, and a step d, l u

which supports and upon which revolves the gage-glass a. by means of its lower frame 6,

which is provided, also, with a small belt or y cord sheave f. For steadying the glass tube a, a frame 9 is mounted upon its top end,

which rotates around the lower end of an adjustable screw it in the headh' of apipet',"

which is screwed into the top of the pedestal b and surrounds the pipe i. The pipe thas in the position of the fluid in the gage-tube a. can be observed and the graduation can be seen, which latter may be made on the tube a, or any other desired object.

The tube a may be provided with an interior glass partition, as in the cross-section of Fig. 3, or with interior Webs or ribs, as-in;

Fig. 4, for facilitating the .discoveringof the position of the fluid. If the. interior of the tube a is made without such obstructions, the

apex 0 of the funnel formed by the rotation 8: its wall longitudinal openings, through which p tinguish this point very clearly. (See Figs.

5 and 6.) In Fig. 6 the small circle in the upper part glass tube of the speed-gage mav of the tube a shows the occasional position of the ball k if the tube a is not in motion. As soon as the tube a is rotated axially the ball k retires tothe axis,where it remains fioatingon the fluid and sinking with the sinking apex 0 of the fluid funnel.

For different purposes the shape of the V be altered, (for example see Figs. 7, 8, and 9.)

Fig. 7 shows the upperportion of the tube, a of smaller diameter than the lower, and provided with a short bulging out at l, which retains some of the fluid in case the speed of the tube a had been so great as to have driven the fluid up to or over this bulged portion 1. By this means can be proved afterward that the speed had-once reached that height or exceeded an allowed slower speed. The instrument becomes by this construction a kind of maximum speed-gage.

In general, tubes of the kind shown in: Figs. 5 and 7 allow within certain limits a wider graduation than the tubes of the kind shown in Fig. 6, as the narrow upper portion of the former takes up a portion of the raised fluid, thereby reducing the contents of the lower wider portion.

- It may be here remarked that the graduation is an empiric one and must be divided for each single instrument. i Fig. 8 shows another shape of the tube a, which acts similar to that of Fig. 1.

In Fig. 9 the tube a, similarin shape to that of Fig. 5, contains a second concentric smaller 'a' communicates by some holes m in its wall near the top and the bottom with the interior of the tube a, or the tube a may for the same purpose be open on both ends. The

tubes at and a are filled partly with mercury (up to p and partly with water (up to g g.) The effect of this construction is that the instrument will indicate, at a low speed, as the alteration of the surface of the heavier mercury is transferred to the small cross-section of the narrow tube (4.

Having shown and explained the essential features of the invention and pointed out that it can be carried out in practice by constructing speed-gages of diflerent forms and shapes, what I claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

The pedestal b, havingstep d, and the vertical tube 2 combined with the fluid-tube a, having rounded ends made in one piece with its main portion and the frame 6 and with the frame g at the upper end of the tube a, head h on the tube i, and screw h, substantially as described.

This specification signed by me this 18th day of January, 1889.

OT 0 BRAUN.

iVitnesses:

EARL T. BURRHARDT. ULR. R. MAERs. 

